ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE MCQ

1. The term ‘Ecosystem’ was proposed by [Uttarakhand PSC (Pre) G.S 2005, UPPCS (Mains) G.S 2006; Uttarakhand RO/ARO, 2016; Mizoram PSC Civil (Pre) GS 2016, 2018; MPPSC Forest Service (Main) GS 2019] 

(a) G Tailor (b) E. Hartigan (c) D.R. Stoddart (d) Arthur G. Tansley 

2. The word ecosystem was first used by [MPPSC Forest Service (Main) GS 2019] 

(a) Weaver (b) Odum (c) Tansley (d) Sukachev 

3. Tansley gave the concept of ecosystem in the year [Bihar PSC (ACF) 2020] 

(a) 1930 (b) 1932 (c) 1935 (d) 1959

4. Who introduced the term Synecology in literature ? [TN (ACF) 2018] 

(a) Odum (b) Earns Haeckel (c) Edward and J. Hooker (d) Schroeter and Kirchner 

5. Which one of the following is the best description of the term ‘ecosystem’? [IAS (Pre) G.S 2015] 

(a) A community of organism interacting with one another 

(b) That part of the Earth which is inhabited by living organisms 

(c) A community of organisms together with the environment in which they live 

(d) The flora and fauna of a geographical area 

6. The environment modified by human activities is called [UPPCS (Pre) G.S 2019] 

(a) Natural environment (b) Anthropogenic environment (c) Urban environment (d) Modern environment 

7. What is true about ecosystem? [UPPCS (Pre) G.S 2019] 

(a) Primary consumers are least dependent upon producer (b) Primary consumers are outnumber producers (c) Producers are more than primary consumers (d) Secondary consumers are the largest and most powerful 

8. Who of the following used the term 'deep ecology' for the first time? [UPPCS (Mains) G.S 2014] 

(a) E.P. Odum (b) C. Raunkiaer (c) F.E. Clements (d) Arnies Naess 

Hint : Deep ecology, environmental philosophy and social movement based in the belief that humans must radically change their relationship to nature from one that values nature solely for its usefulness to human beings to one that recognizes that nature has an inherent value. Sometimes called an “ecosophy,” deep ecology offers a definition of the self that differs from traditional notions and is a social movement that sometimes has religious and mystical undertones. The phrase originated in 1972 with Norwegian philosopher Arnies Naess.

9. Which one of the following terms describes not only the physical space occupied by an organism, but also its functional role in the community of organisms? [IAS (Pre) G.S 2013] 

(a) Ecotone (b) Ecological niche (c) Habitat (d) Home range 

10. ..............are group of species within biological communities having similar ecological feature in a habitat [APPSC (Section Officer) 2020] 

(Ans) Guilds 

11. The functional space an organism occupies is called [ICAR (SRF) 2019] 

(a) Ecosystem (b) Niche (c) Landscape (d) Biome 

12. The concept of ecological niche was enunciated by [UPPCS (Pre) G.S 2005; APPSC (RFO) 2018; Bihar PSC (ACF) 2020] 

(a) Greenels (b) E. Rodum (c) C. C. Park (d) G.E.Hutchinson 

13. The role played by a species in its natural habitat is called ……………. [APPSC (Section Officer) 2020] 

(a) Niche (b) Ecotone (c) Habitat (d) Ecosystem Hint : Ecological niche describes not only the physical space occupied, but also the functional role of an organism in an ecosystem. The concept of the ecological niche was introduced by Grinnell (1917). 

14. Two species cannot occupy the same niche in an ecosystem for long because of [ICAR (SRF) 2019] (a) Parasitism (b) Mutualism (c) Competitive exclusion (d) Mutually assured destruction 

15. The term antibiosis means: [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014; ARS (NET) 2017] 

(a) Inhibition of one organism by another through production of harmful substances. 

(b) Production of antibiosis (c) Production of antigens (d) Production of antibodies 

Hint : Antibiosis is a biological interaction between two or more organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them; Examples of antibiosis include the relationship between antibiotics and bacteria or animals and disease-causing pathogens. 

16. Who is known as Indian father of ecology? [Assam (ACF) 2013; MPPSC ACF/RFO Forest Service (Main) GS 2019] 

(a) Ramdeo misra (b) Ramdev Baba (c) C.N. Rao (d) H.G. Khurana 

17. The term ecology was proposed by [Sikkim PSC Sub-inspector 2018] 

(a) Heakel (b) Odum (c) Daubenmire (d) Reiter 

18. What is the term used to refer responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the environment and improve the well being of local people ? [TN Forest 2018] 

(a) Eco-tourism (b) Adventure tourism (c) Sustainable tourism (d) Cultural tourism 

19. The concept of bio-drainage involves growing of certain plants that [ICAR (SRF) 2020] 

(a) Conserve water (b) Discharge water along the trunk (c) Discharge excess water out of the field (d) Draw much water than is necessary for normal growth 

Hint : Bio drainage is defined as the process of removing the excess soil water through. transpiration using bio-energy of the plant and radiation energy of the sun. Example : the eucalyptus trees are planted along the canal to avoid the problem of the seepage and keep the surrounding soil well drained 

20. The tree species helpful for the improvement of drainage from waterlogged conditions is called [ICAR (JRF) 2020] 

(a) Hydrophilic (b) Waterloggers (c) Pgreatophytic (d) Aquatic 

21. Ecological island is a term used to denote [Bihar PSC (ACF) 2020]

 (a) Any eco-friendly habitat patch 

(b) An area always surrounded by water

 (c) Area of land isolated from surrounding land and having a natural micro habitat differing from larger ecosystem. 

Hint: An ecological island is not necessarily an island surrounded by water, but is an area of land, isolated by natural or artificial means from the surrounding land, where a natural micro-habitat exists amidst a larger differing ecosystem 

22. The entire earth, as an ecosystem is called as [ASSAM (ACF) 2019] 

(a) Geosphere (b) Hydrosphere (c) Biosphere (d) Lithosphere 

23. Which one of the following terms includes all of the others? [WII (M.Sc.) Entrance Examination 2009] 

(a) Habitat (b) Population (c) Biosphere (d) Ecosystem 

24. A group of organisms of the same species that live, grow and reproduce in the same environment are called as [MPSC (ACF) 2015]

 (a) Population (b) Community (c) Ecotype

25. Biodiversity means [Manipur PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2013] 

(a) A term used to describe the variety of life on earth

 (b) Variability among living organisms from all sources 

(c) Diversity of ecosystems between species and within species 

(d) All of the above 

26. Biodiversity means [Uttarakhand RO/ARO, 2016, UPPCS ( prelim ) G.S 2014, RAS/RTS ( prelim ) G.S 1993] 

(a) Diverse kinds of plants and vegetation.

 (b) Diverse kinds of animals. 

(c) Diverse kinds of plants and animals in particular area.

 (d) Diverse kinds of exotic plants and animals.

27. Biodiversity is described as [UPPCS ACF ( prelim ) G.S. 2017, UPPCS (Mains) G.S 2014] 

(a) The way species differ from one another 

(b) The seasonal and daily changes in the environment 

(c) The influence of physical factors on an environment 

(d) The range of different species in an environment 

4. The term biodiversity indicates [TNPSC Civil (Pre) GS 2021] 

(a) Species richness and genetic variation (b) Species richness and habitat diversity (c) Genetic variation and diverse ecosystems (d) Species richness alone (e) Answer not known 

5. Who among the following had used the term ‘Biodiversity’ for the first time? [UPPCS (Main) G.S. Ist 2013; TN Forest 2018; MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2018 ] 

(a) C.J. Barrow (b) De Castri (c) Walter G. Rosen (d) D.R. Batish 

6. Who coined the term biodiversity [OPSC PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2019] 

(a) E. O. Wilson (b) R. D. Barnes (c) N. Myers (d) None of these 

Hint : The term biological diversity was used by the Thomas Lovejoy in 1980, however the contracted form of biodiversity was first used by Walter G. Rosen in the year 1986. 

7. Which of the following is the most appropriate definition for biodiversity? [Sikkim PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2017] 

(a) Biodiversity refers to genetic variation, ecosystem variation or species variation within an area 

(b) Biodiversity refers to genetic variations between different species 

(c) Biodiversity refers to the different plants and animals within an area 

(d) Biodiversity refers to the variety of organisms present in an area 

8. Alpha diversity related to [ICAR (JRF) 2017]

 (a) Species richness (b) Species evenness (c) Species dominance (d) All

1. Major source of methane in India is: [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014] 

(a) Rice field (b) Sugar cane field (c) Wheat filed (d) Fruit orchards 

2. The gas which is produced by Paddy/rice fields and is involved in global warming is [BHU (M.Sc.) Agroforestry Entrance Examination 2016; ICAR (JRF) 2017; UPPCS (Mains) G.S 2017; APPSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2018]

 (a) Chlorine (b) Methane/CH4 (c) Carbon dioxide (d) Hydrogen sulphide 

3. One of the Green-house Gases is Methane which of the following is / are its main source / ? [MPSC (ACF) 2016]

 (a) Firewood (b) Paddy cultivation (c) Deforestation (d) Horticulture 

4. Carbon intensity means: [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014]

 (a) CO2 emission per GDP (b) CO2 emission per meter square (c) CO2 emission per person (d) CO2 emission 

5. The major source of methane to the atmosphere from agricultural field would be [BHU (M.Sc.) Agroforestry Entrance Examination 2016, 2019] 

(a) Aerbic crop field (b) Rice paddies (c) An agroforest (d) Dry fallow field 

6. Due to their extensive rice cultivation, some regions may be contributing to global warming. To what possible reason/reasons is this attributable? [IAS (Pre) G.S 2010]

 (1) The anaerobic conditions associated with rice cultivation cause the emission of methane. 

(2) When nitrogen based fertilizers are used, nitrous oxide is emitted from the cultivated soil Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 

7. Consider the following [IAS (Pre) G.S 2008] 

(1) Rice fields (2) Coal mining (3) Domestic animals 

(4) Wetlands Which of the above are sources of methane, a major greenhouse gas? 

(a) 1 and 4 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 

► GLOBAL WARMING 

8. Which of the following gas is mainly responsible for global warming ? [Nagaland PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2016; MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2019] 

(a) Carbon dioxide (b) Nitrous oxide (c) Methane (d) Chlorofluorocarbon

1. Name of only ape species found in India/Assam: [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014; ASSAM (ACF) 2019] 

(a) Hoolock gibbon (b) Lion tailed macaque (c) Slender loris (d) Golden langur 2. The species that have not been seen continuously for more than…………… years in the wild state, are known as extinct species e.g Dodo [MPSC (ACF) 2015] 

(a) 50 (b) 100 (c) 200 (d) 500 

3. Lion tailed macaque is found in: [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014] 

(a) Western ghat (b) Eastern ghat (c) Sundarban (d) Kullu valley 

4. A keystone species is one of that: [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014] 

(a) Preys heavily on a particular species (b) Is specially vulnerable to extinction (c) Is restricted to small geographical area (d) a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment compared to its relative abundance. 

5. This is not an endangered animal of Madhya Pradesh [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2019] 

(a) Tiger (b) Gharial (c) King cobra (d) Sloth bear 

6. What is common name of state butterfly of Tripura [Tripura PSC Civil (Pre) GS | Group - 1 | 2020] (a) Common Mormon (b) Common Birdwing (c) Common Jezebel (d) Common Grass Yellow 

7. 5.08 sq. Km core area of Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary has been declared National Park for [Tripura PSC (ACF) 2013] (a) Spectacle monkey (b) Clouded leopard (c) Barking deer (d) Elephant 

8. Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched [WBPSC Civil (Pre) GS 2019] 

(a) Bhitarkanika: olive ridley turtles (b) Dalma hills: wild elephants (c) Kaziranga: one horned rhinos (d) Dachigam : Asiatic lions 

9. Which one of the following is not a site for in-situ method of conservation of flora? [Manipur PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2013]

 (a) Botanical garden (b) Biosphere reserve (c) National park (d) Wildlife sanctuary 

10. Keibul lamjao national park is famous for [Manipur PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2013] 

(a) Brow antlered deer (b) Swamp deer (c) Musk deer (d) Barking deer 

11. The state flower of Nagaland is [Nagaland PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2014] 

(a) Lily (b) Rhododendron (c) Ashoka (d) Lotus

12. Match the following species of trees with the forests in which they are dominantly found [KPSC ACF (Pre) GS |2014] 

State National park (A) Meghalaya

 1. Hemis (B) Jharkhand 

2. Namdapha (C) Arunachal Pradesh 

3. Balphakram (D) Jammu and Kashmir 

4. Hazirabagh 

Code (A) (B) (C) (D) (a) 2 1 4 3 (b) 3 4 2 1 (c) 3 1 4 2 

2. Which one of the following is not correctly matched [MPPSC Civil (Prelim) 2020] 

(a) Anshi National Park Karnataka (b) Balphakram National Park Meghalaya (c) Chandoli National Park Gujarat (d) Hemis National Park Ladakh 

3. Which is the largest National Park in India in terms of its geographic area in square kilometers ? [MPSC (ACF) 2019] 

(a) Papikonda National park (b) Silent Valley National Park (c) Hemis National Park (d) Satpura National Park 

4. The well demarcated and protected area of natural landscape is [ASSAM (ACF) 2013] 

(a) Sanctuary (b) Biosphere reserve (c) National park (d) Bio park 

5. Mizoram has the following two National Parks [Mizoram PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2017] 

(a) Murlen and Phawngpui (b) Dampa and Phawngpui (c) Murlen and Dampa (d) Dampa and Lengteng 

6. Phawngpui national park in Mizoram is also known as which of the following ? [MPPSC Civil (Prelim) 2020] 

(a) Black mountain park (b) Blue mountain park (c) Yellow mountain park (d) Mizo hills park 

7. Which one of the following two statement is correct [MPSC (ACF) 2015] 

(i) Jim Corbet National Park is one of the World heritage Sites 

(ii) Jim Corbet National park is the first National Park established in India and was earlier called as Hailey National Park

 (a) Only (i) is correct (b) Only (ii) is correct (c) Both are correct (d) Neither (i) nor (ii) is correct 

8. Jim Corbett National Park is famous for [TN Forest 2018] 

(a) Gaur (b) Tiger (c) Sloth bears (d) Red Panda

1. Which of the following is the most appropriate and correct practice from the point of view of a healthy environment? [CDS G.S 1ST Paper 2015] 

(a) Burning of plastic wastes to keep the environment clean 

(b) Burning of dry and fallen leaves in a garden or field 

(c) Treatment of domestic sewage before its release 

(d) Use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural fields 

2. Consider the following statements and choose the correct answer from the codes [UPPCS (Pre.) G.S. 2003]

 Assertion (A): Natural environment is clean. 

Reason (R): Human activities are responsible for environmental pollution. 

Code (a) (A) and (R) both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. 

(b) (A) and (R) both are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A 

(c) (A) is true but (R) is false 

(d) (A) is false but (R) is true 

► ACID RAIN 

3. Acid rain is due to: [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014] 

(a) Sulphur dioxide (b) Carbon monoxide (c) Pesticide pollutuion (d) Dust particles 

4. Acid rain is caused due to [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2018] 

(a) SO2 and NO2 (b) CO and CO2 (c) CO and SO3 (d) Ozone and dust 

5. Which acid is found in maximum amount in acid rain ? [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2019]

 (a) H2SO4 (b) HNO3 (c) H2CO3 (d) HCI 

6. Acid rain is not a recent phenomenon and the term was first coined in ………….. by a chemist, [APPSC Forest section officer GS | 2019] 

Answer - Robert angus smith, while studying the quality of air in and around his home town Manchester, England 

7. Acid rain is caused by an increase of ___in the atmosphere [Mizoram PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2017] 

(a) Ozone and dust (b) SO2 and NO (c) O2 and CO2 (d) CH4 and H2O 

8. Acid rain is caused by the pollution of environment by [Mizoram PSC Engineering Service (Pre) GS | 2015] 

(a) Carbon dioxide and nitrogen (b) Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide (c) Ozone and carbon dioxide (d) Nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide 

9. Acid rain contains [Manipur PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2016] 

(a) Sulphuric acid and nitric acid (b) Carbon dioxide and carbon mono oxide (c) Methane and sulphuric acid (d) Nitric acid and hydrochloric acid

1. Smallpox, cholera, T.B and dysentery diseases are caused by [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2018]

 (a) Air pollution (b) Land pollution (c) Water pollution (d) None of these 

2. Which Pigment in the skin of human beings protects the body from U.V radiation of Sun? [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2018] 

(a) Haemoglobin (b) Chlorophyll (c) Melanin (d) Thyroxine 

3. Which one is water borne disease [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2019] 

(a) Cholera (b) Fluorosis (c) Influenza (d) Tuberculosis 

4. Blue baby syndrome is caused due to the consumption of which in polluted water ? [OPSC PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2018; WII (M.Sc.) Entrance Examination (Biological Science); MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2019; APPSC (Section Officer) 2020]

 (a) Arsenic (b) Nitrate (c) Fluoride (d) Chloride 

5. Excess nitrate in drinking water can mainly cause [Tripura PSC Civil (Pre) GS | Group - 1 | 2020] 

(a) Methemoglobinemia (b) Kidney damage (c) Liver damage (d) None of these 

6. Itai-itai disease is due to the toxicity of in (Japan) [TNPSC Civil (Pre) GS 2015; Sikkim PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2017; Tripura PSC Forest Civil (Pre) GS |2021]

 (a) Lead (b) Cadmium (c) Strontium (d) Tin 7. A kind of osteomalacia occurring frequently in the inhabitants, caused mainly by eating rice and drinking eater contaminated with cadmimum is [TN Forest 2018]

 (a) Itai-Itai (b) Minamata (c) Metheglobinemia (d) Cancer 

8. Gas used for artificial ripening of fruits is [Nagaland PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2012] 

(a) Acetylene (b) Ether (c) Ethylene (d) Ammonia 

Hint: Ethylene gas, acetylene gas (Both liberated from calcium carbide), and ethephon are some of the commercial ripening agents used successfully in the trade. Does FSSAI Permit Artificial ripeners? Yes, the FSSAI permits Ethylene as an artificial ripener if the concentration dose does not exceed 100 ppm (parts per million). Under Food Safety and Standards Regulations, 2011. [FSSAI banned Carbide gas and Acetylene gas for fruit ripening due to the potential health hazards] Ethylene, is a naturally occurring fruit ripening hormone; and its external application accelerates the process of ripening.

1. Tiger reserves were brought under the purview of wildlife protection act, 1972 in ………… amendment [Karnataka (RFO) 2019] 

(a) 1993 (b) 2002 (c) 2006 (d) 2013 

2. Who approves the tiger conservation plan in India [APPSC (RFO) 2018] 

(a) NTCA (b) WII (c) IBWL (d) PCCF 

3. Conservation reserve is declared using the provisions under which section of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 ? [ICAR (JRF) 2019] 

(a) 36a (b) 36b (c) 36c (d) 36d 

4. Which of the following is NOT a protected area in India constituted under the provisions of wildlife (protection) act, 1972 [APPSC (RFO) 2018]  

(a) National Parks (b) Community reserves (c) Conservation reserves (d) Biosphere reserves 

5. Which of the following Acts provides protection to wild animals in India? [UPPCS (Pre) G.S 2016] (a) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 (b) Forests Protection Act, 1982 (c) Environment Protection Act, 1996 (d) Bengal Wild Animal Protection Act, 1959 

6. According to the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, which of the following animals cannot be hunted by any person except under some provisions provided by law? [IAS (Pre) G.S 2017] 

(1) Gharial 

(2) Indian wild ass

(3) Wild buffalo Select the correct answer using the code given below:

 (a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 

7. In which year the Wildlife Protection Act was introduced in India? [MPPCS (Pre) G.S 2016, UPPCS (Pre) G.S 2015, RAS/RTS (Pre) G.S 2012] 

(a) 1962 (b) 1970 (c) 1972 (d) 1982 

8. Wild life protection Act was formulated during the period of prime Minister [MPPSC Steno 2015] 

(a) Man Mohan Singh (b) Indira Gandhi (c) Rajeev Gandhi (d) Atal Behari Bajpai 

9. The “Wild Life Protection Act” came into existence in: [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014] 

(a) 1970 (b) 1972 (c) 1974 (d) 1992

1. The headquarter of U.N.E.P is located at [UPPCS (Mains) 2010; MPPSC ACF/RFO GS 2014; Jharkhand PSC (Pre) 2016] (a) Geneva (b) Kathmandu (c) Nairobi (d) New Delhi 

2. The United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) was launched in order to encourage United Nations agencies to integrate environmental measures into their programs in the year [MPSC (ACF) 2015] (a) 1990 (b) 1985 (c) 1975 (d) 1972 

3. The slogan of global warming : global warning was given by UNEP in [Bihar PSC (ACF) 2020] (a) June 1983 (b) June 1985 (c) June 1987 (d) June 1989 

4. Where was the UN conference on human environment held ? [ASSAM (ACF) 2013] 

(a) Geneva (b) Rio de Junior (c) Nar Robt (d) Stockholm 

Hint : The United Nation Conference on Human environment also known as Stockholm conference was held in Stockholm Sweden in 1972 this was the first international conference to make environment an issue. UNEP was established as result of the Stockholm conference.

 5. Consider the following statements [IAS (Pre) G.S 2017] 

(1) Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) to Reduce Short Lived Climate Pollutants is a unique initiative of G20 group of countries. 

(2) The CCAC focuses on methane, black carbon and hydro fluorocarbons. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

 (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 

Hint : The Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (CCAC) was launched by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and six countries—Bangladesh, Canada, Ghana, Mexico, Sweden, and the United States—on 16 February 2012. The CCAC aims to catalyse rapid reductions in short-lived climate pollutants to protect human health, agriculture and the environment. methane, black carbon and hydro fluorocarbons, tropospheric or ground level ozone are the short lived pollutant as they have short lifespan of days to month. 

► IUCN 

6. Which International organization dedicated to species survival environmental law, protected areas, social and economic policy, ecosystem management, and education? [MPSC (ACF) 2018]

 (a) UNEP (b) WWF (c) WNO (d) IUCN

1. Eco-Mark is given to an Indian product which is [UPPCS (Pre) G.S 2012, CDS G.S 1st Paper, 2011] (a) Pure and unadulterated (b) Rich in protein (c) Environmental friendly (d) Economically viable 

2. To label environment friendly consumer products, Government has introduced [UPPCS (Spl) (Mains) 2004]

 (a) Ag Mark (b) Eco Mark (c) ISI Mark (d) Water Mark 

3. National Environment Engineering Research Institute is situated at [Uttarakhand PSC (Pre) 2010; UPPCS (Pre) G.S 2012, 2014; UPPCS (Mains) 2001,2005, 2011,2017; MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014]

 (a) Bangalore (b) Hyderabad (c) Nagpur (d) New Delhi 

4. The national environmental engineering research institute is located at [Nagaland PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2012; Bihar PSC (ACF) 2020]

 (a) Lucknow (b) Roorkee (c) Nagpur (d) Dehra dun

 5. The following is an Environmental planning organization? [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2018]

 (a) CSIR (b) NEERI (c) ICMR (d) ICAR

 6. Indian Institute of Ecology and Environment is located in [UPPCS (Main) G.S. 2016]

 (a) New Delhi (b) Mumbai (c) Kolkata (d) Thiruvananthapuram (e) Nagpur 

7. National Botanical Research Institute is located at [UPPCS (Mains) Ist GS, 2015]

 (a) Kanpur (b) Dhampur (c) Rampur (d) Lucknow 

8. Wildlife Institute of India is located at [UPPSC Asst. Forest Conservator Exam. 2015, Uttarakhand PCS (Pre) 2006–07; ICAR (SRF) 2019]

 (a) Almora (b) Dehradun (c) Bhopal (d) Guwahati

 9. In which of the following Institutions, the Environmental Information System (ENVIS)’s Centre on Population and Environment is located? [UPPCS (M) G.S. Ist 2017]

 (a) I.I.T. Kharagpur (b) I.I.T. New Delhi (c) I.I.P.S. Mumbai (d) N.I.R.S. Dehradun 

10. In which year Ministry of Environment was set up in India ? [UPPCS ACF (Pre) G.S. 2017] 

(a) 1970 A.D (b) 1975 A.D. (c) 1980 A.D (d) 1985 A.D 

1. The main constituent of CNG is [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014]

 (a) Methane (b) Butane (c) Ethane (d) Propane 

2. CNG stands for [Mizoram PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2014; Mizoram PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2016]

 (a) Compressed Natural Gasoline (b) Compressed Natural Gas (c) Compressed Nitrogen Gas (d) Compressed Neon Gas 

3. Production of which pollutant gases that are emitted by use of CNG in vehicles is reduced when a more green fuel HCNG is used instead? [UPPCS (Mains) G.S 2009]

 (a) SO2 and CO (b) SO2 an CH4 (c) CO and H2 (d) NOx and CO2 

4. Solar radiation that is received after it changes its direction due to reflection and scattering in the atmosphere is called energy [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014]

 (a) Diffused radiation (b) Scattered radiation (c) Beam radiation (d) Radiation 

5. Wind energy is s source of energy which is [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2019]

 (a) Renewable (b) Non – renewable (c) Thermal (d) None of the above 

6. Alternate source of fuel energy is [ICAR (JRF) 2016] 

(a) CNG (b) Biogas (c) Propane (d) All of the

 7. Renewable energy source is [Tripura PSC (ACF) 2013] 

(a) Petroleum oil (b) Solar radiation (c) Coal (d) CNG 

8. A solar cell is made up of : [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014] 

(a) Silicon (b) Titanium (c) Magnesium (d) Teflon 9. What kind of energy does a wind turbine use : [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014]

 (a) Kinetic energy (b) Potential energy (c) Chemical energy (d) Thermal energy 

10. Solar photovoltaic cell converts solar energy directly into : [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014] 

(a) Mechanism energy (b) Electricity (c) Heat energy (d) Chemical energy 

11. Which of the following state in India ranks first in the installation of wind power ? [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014; Nagaland PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2015] 

(a) Gujarat (b) Andhra Pradesh (c) Maharashtra (d) Tamilnadu 

1. Which one is incorrect regarding sustainable development? [Himanchal PCS 2018] 

(a) The development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs 

(b) Economic development refers to the flow of goods and services in the economy for a long period of time only 

(c) It is practice of developing land and construction projects in a manner that reduces their impact on the environment by allowing them to create energy efficient models of self-sufficiency 

(d) To conserve natural resources and to develop alternate sources of power while reducing pollution and harm to the environment 

2. What is important for Sustainable Development? [U.P. Lower (Pre) 2004] 

(a) Conservation of biological diversity (b) Prevention and control of pollution (c) Decreasing poverty (d) All of the above 

3. The word sustainable development is clearly indicative of the fact that [TNPSC Civil (Pre) GS 2021] (a) Natural assets are finite (b) Natural assets are infinite (c) Natural assets are not resources (d) Present model of development promotes stability in nature (e) Answer not known 

4. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). [UPPCS (Pre) G.S, 2019] 

Assertion (A) : Sustainable development is important for well being of human society. 

Reason (R): Sustainable development is a kind of development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Select the correct answer from the codes given below: Code

 (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) 

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) 

(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false 

(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true 

5. Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs is called as [GPSC Civil (Pre) | 2015]

 (a) Economic development (b) Human development (c) Sustainable development (d) Balanced development (e) Not attempted 

6. Which one of the following is not a pillar of sustainable development [Bihar PSC (ACF) 2020]

 (a) Economic development (b) Environmental protection (c) Cultural development (d) Social development 

1. World environment day is celebrated on [MPPSC State Engineering Service (Prelim) 2014; MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014] 

(a) 5 June (b) 5 February (c) 5 March (d) 16 June 

2. World Environment Day is celebrated on [UPPCS Mains 2004, 2011, 2014, UPPCS (Pre) 2004, 2012, Uttarakhand UDA/LDA (Pre) 2007, Uttarakhand PSC (Pre) 2006-07, MPPSC (Pre) GS 2009; KPSC ACF (Pre) GS |2006]

 (a) 1 December (b) 5 June (c) 14 November (d) 15 August 

3. World Environment Day is observed on [ICAR (JRF) 2012; ICAR (JRF) 2016; Mizoram PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2016; Mizoram PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2018] 

(a) 5th May (b) 5th June (c) 5th July (d) 15th June 4. The hosting country to celebrate world environment day 2020 is [OPSC PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2019] 

(a) India (b) Canada (c) Rwanda (d) Colombia 5. Which week is celebrated as “Wild Life Week”? [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014]

 (a) June 1 to 7 (b) October 1 to 7 (c) November 8 to 14 (d) August 8 to 14 

6. When is the wildlife week celebrated India [ICAR (SRF) 2020]

 (a) First week of June (b) First week of November (c) First week fo October (d) First week of December 

7. “world water day” is celebrated on : [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014]

 (a) 16th September (b) 22nd march (c) 2 nd February (d) 14th January 

8. International Biodiversity day is observed on [Mizoram PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2017; ICAR (SRF) 2019; Karnataka (RFO) 2019] 

(a) 21st March (b) 22nd May (c) 24th April (d) 05th June 

9. What is the general theme of world cities day (WCD) in 2019? [APPSC Forest Service (Pre) GS |2017]

 (a) Building sustainable and resilient cities (b) Innovative governance, open cities (c) Better city, better life (d) Building innovative and sustainable cities 

10. International Biological Diversity Day is [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2019]

 (a) 22 December (b) 22 May (c) 21 June (d) None of the above

1. Which rank has been achieved by India in the Climate Change Performance Index, 2019? [Mizoram PSC Engineering Service (Pre) GS | 2020]

 (a) 7 (b) 9 (c) 11 (d) 13

 Hint : The Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) was developed by Germanwatch. A NGO based in Bonn Germany since 2015 as a tool for increasing transparency in international climate change policy. It aims to enable transparency in international climate politics and comparability of individual countries’ climate protection efforts and progress. The CCPI uses a framework of standardised criteria to assess and compare the climate performances of 60 countries and the EU (as of CCPI 2022). These collectively account for over 90% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The CCPI looks ate the 4 catagoty eiyh 14 indicator India ranked 11th in the climate change performance index Greenhouse Gas Emissions (40% of the overall score), Renewable Energy (20%), Energy Use (20%), and Climate Policy (20%) 

2. Which organization publishes the red list, compiling information from a network of conservation organizations to rate which species are most endangered [Odisha PSC (Civil) 2006; MPSC (ACF) 2017] (a) The international union for conservation of nature (b) The international institute for sustainable development (c) The united environment programme (d) The international institute of tropical forestry 3. The ‘Red Data Books’ published by the international Union for conservation of nature and natural resources (IUCN) contains list of [Manipur PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2013] 

(1) Endemic plant and animal species present in the biodiversity hotspots 

(2) Threatened plant and animal species

 (3) Protected sites for conservation of natural resources in various countries Codes

 (a) Only 2 is correct (b) 2 and 3 are correct (c) 1, 2 and 3 are correct (d) Only 3 is correct 

4. IUCN Red List of 2012 has listed……………species of plants and animals from India as Critically Endangered [MPSC (ACF) 2016] (a) 72 (b) 132 (c) 1807 (d) 299 

Hint : The Red List of 2012 was released 19 July 2012 at Rio+20 Earth Summit. Nearly 2,000 species were added, At threat are 41% of amphibian species, 33% of reef-building corals, 30% of conifers, 25% of mammals, and 13% of birds. The IUCN Red List has listed 132 species of plants and animals from India as "Critically Endangered". 

5. The Red data book of IUCN is prepared by [TN Forest 2018] 

(a) Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (b) Species Survival Commission (c) United Nations Environment Programme (d) Worldwide Fund for Nature

1. The zemi Nagas build stone lined ponds which are held to increase fertility of the …………….. [Nagaland PSC Civil (Pre) GS |2015]

 (a) Crops (b) Animals (c) Community (d) Birds 

2. Shifting cultivation is not practiced in which one of the following states [WBPSC Civil (Pre) GS 2017]

 (a) Assam (b) West Bengal (c) Odisha (d) Andhra Pradesh 

3. Which one of the following agricultural practices is eco-friendly [TNPSC Civil (Pre) GS 2021] 

(a) Organic farming (b) Shifting cultivation (c) Cultivation of high yielding varieties (d) Growing plants in glass houses (e) Answer not known 

4. Reddish brown flecks on leaves, bleaching premature aging, in plants is caused by …………[APPSC (Section Officer) 2020] 

(a) Ozone (b) Nitrogen (c) Carbon monoxide (d) UV rays 

5. In conservation tillage, at least ……………percent soil surface should be covered with crop residue [BHU (M.Sc.) Agroforestry Entrance Examination 2014]

 (a) 20 (b) 30 (c) 40 (d) 50 

6. The State having the highest area under wastelands in India is [BHU (M.Sc.) Agroforestry Entrance Examination 2014]

 (a) Rajasthan (b) Madhya Pradesh (c) Jammu & Kashmir (d) Jharkhand 

7. The yield of a crop is inversely proportional to its nitrogen content law was postulated by [BHU (M.Sc.) Agroforestry Entrance Examination 2019] 

(a) Mitscherlich (b) Wilcox (c) Baule (d) Roger Bray

Hint: Wilcox (1929) proposed inverse yield nitrogen law which states that power of growth or yielding ability of any crop plant is inversely proportional to the mean nitrogen content in the dry matter. 

8. The percent of freshwater used for agriculture is nearly [BHU (M.Sc.) Agroforestry Entrance Examination 2019]

 (a) 30% (b) 50% (c) 70% (d) 90% 

9. Liebig proposed [ICAR (JRF) 2017]

 (a) Law of tolerance (b) Law of maximum tolerance (c) Law of minimum (d) Law of energy 

10. Which among the following was the first 100 percent organic state in the world? [UPPCS (Pre) G.S, 2019]

 (a) Queensland (Australia) (b) California (c) Sikkim (India) (d) Quebec 

1. Wind blows because of difference in : [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2014] 

(a) Temperature (b) Latitude (c) Longitude (d) Height 

2. The state tree of Madhya Pradesh is [MPPSC ACF/RFO GS 2019] 

(a) Mahua (b) Banyan (c) Neem (d) Teak 

3. Which of the following is not an example of natural polymer [MPPSC ACF/RFO Environmental Science 2019] 

(a) Wool (b) Silk (c) Polyisoprene (d) Nylon 

4. Consider the following statements about ‘Belum Caves’ [APPSC Forest section officer GS | 2019] (A) The Belum Caves are located in Kolimigundla Mandal of Kurnool District in the state of Andhra Pradesh.

 (B) The first records of the Belum Caves come from the expedition report of British Geologist and archaeologist Robert Bruce Foote, in 1884. Which of the above statements/s is/are correct? 

a) Only A  b) Only B  c) Both A and B  d) Neither A and B 

Hint: The Belum Caves located in Andhra Pradesh is the second largest cave system on the Indian subcontinent, after Krem Liat Prah caves in Meghalaya. 

5. Wular lake of Kashmir is a [Tripura PSC forest Civil (Pre) GS |2021]

 (a) OX-bow lake (b) Lake formed by terminal morainic dam (c) Lake formed by blocking of ice (d) Lake formed by deposition of silt 

6. Indian gregarious plant [KPSC ACF (Pre) GS |2008]

 (a) Rose wood (b) Teak (c) Pine (d) Oak (e) Bamboo 

7. The state tree of Mizoram [Mizoram PSC Civil (Pre) GS | 2016] 

(a) Messua ferrae (b) Schima wallichi (c) Tectona grandis (d) Prunus cerasoides 

8. Fossil fuels and metallic minerals are [Manipur PSC Engineering Services (Pre) GS | 2014] 

(a) Renewable resources (b) Inexhaustible resources (c) Non renewable resources (d) None of these

 9. The illegal and unscientific mining of iron ore in India in first decade of 21st century was boosted by the construction boom in which of the following countries? [MPSC (ACF) 2015] 

(a) United state (b) Brazil (c) Australia (d) China