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Banda University of Agriculture and technology Banda, Bsc(hons) forestry notes, Semester notes

Banda University of Agriculture and technology Banda Bsc(hons) Forestry All Semester Notes Download in pdf, Zip file format  College of Forestry Notes :- 1st Semester Notes Download Link:- ⏩ 1st Semester Notes Download Link ⏪ Click here  2nd Semester Notes Download Link:- ⏪ 2nd Semester Notes Download Link ⏩ Click here  3rd Semester Notes Download Link: -    ⏩( 3rd Semester Notes Download Link )⏪ click here  4th Semester Notes Download Link:- 4th Semester Notes pdf download link 1 ⏪ click here 4th Semester Download Link 5th semester notes download link:- ⏩ 5th Semester Notes Download ⏪ click here  6th semester notes download link:- 📩📩 ⏩ 6th semester notes BUAT Banda  ⏪ click here  7th Semester Notes Download Link:- ⏪ 7th Semester Notes Download link ⏩click here 8th Semester Notes Download Link  ⏩ 8th Semester notes Download link ⏪Click here Project work Report and ELP presentation   ⏩ Fowe Report batch 2019 BUAT Banda ⏪Click ...
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forest Forestry

 FOREST (वन): forest is derived from latin word “Foris”, meaning outside the village boundary. Generally forest refers to an area with different kinds of trees, shrubs, herbs/grasses and wildlife. Definitions: 1. Technically, forest is defined as an area set aside for the production of timber and other forest produce, or maintained under woody vegetation for certain indirect benefits which it provides (eg climatic or protective). 2. Ecologically, forest is defined as plant community predominantly of trees and other woody vegetation usually with a closed canopy. 3. Legally, forest is an area of land proclaimed to be a forest under forest law. Forestry (वािनकी): defined as the theory and practice of all that constitutes the creation, conservation and scientific management of forests and the utilization of their resources. Forestry is applied science, which is concerned with  Cultivation of forest crop  Protection of forest crop  Conservation of forest crop  Management of forest c...
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HETEROKARYOSIS IN FUNGI

  HETEROKARYOSIS IN FUNGI ❖ Heterokaryosis is the main source of variation in the anamorphic (imperfect) fungi, which lack sexual reproduction. The term Heterokaryosis was proposed by Hansen and Smith in 1932, who reported it for the first time in Botrytis cinerea . ❖ The presence of genetically-different nuclei in an individual is called heterokaryosis, and the organism heterokaryon. ❖ Essentially, a heterokaryon possesses two sets of chromosomes, just like a diploid organism, but instead of being contained in a single nucleus, the two sets of chromosomes lie in separate nuclei, sharing the same cytoplasm. ❖ Heterokaryons show dominance and, thus, resemble diploids in many respects. Heterokaryosis is a major factor in natural variability and sexuality. ❖ The heterokaryotic condition can arise in a fungus by three methods, viz., (1) Mutation, (2) Anastomosis i.e., fusion between genetically-different hyphae, and (3) Diplodization-fusion between haploid nuclei to form...
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tiliaceae

 11. Tiliaceae Distribution: The family comprises 41 genera and 400 species distributed in tropical and temperate parts of the world common examples like Grewia, Tilia, Muntigera and Berria grown in tropical parts of India. Corchorus species are commercially grown in North Eastern part of the country. Salient feature: Flowers are insect pollinated (entomophilous) and are usually protandrous. Fruits and seeds are dispersed by animals (zoochory). Description: Plants are mostly trees or shrubs rarely herbs (Corchorus species); leaves are stipulate; flower is complete, hypogynous; calyx represented by 5 sepals; corolla is sepaloid; polyadelphous condition is seen with gynandrophore occurrence; placentation is axile. Leaves: Leaves are usually alternate, rarely opposite, simple, entire or toothed, stipulate or exstipulate. Stipules are free and often caducous. Inflorescence: Often arranged in axillary or terminal cyme rarely axillary as in Elaeocarpus. Flowers:Flowers are complete bisex...
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Units of Memory, Hardware, Software and Classification of Computers

  Units of Memory, Hardware, Software and Classification of Computers Units of Memory The memory unit is the principal storage of the computer. All the data and instructions that the computer needs at a moment are stored here. All storage devices are characterized with the following features: 1. Speed 2. Volatility 3. Access method 4. Portability 5. Cost and capacity Linking Memory with the other units Basic Units of Measurement The components of the computer can recognize only two states that is presence or absence of an electrical signal. Two symbols used to represent these two states are 0 and 1, and are known as BITS (an abbreviation for BInary DigiTS). 0 represents the absence of a signal, 1 represents the presence of a signal. A BIT is, therefore, the smallest unit of data in a computer and can either store a 0 or 1.Since a single bit can store only one of the two values, there can possibly be only four unique combinations: 00 01 10 11 Bits are, therefore, combined together i...
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