horticulture
Horticulture Notes
Pomology
BOTANICAL CLASSIFICATION OF FRUIT CROPS
FAMILY COMMON NAME
Bromeliaceace Musaceae Arecaeae Actinidiaceae Anacardiaceae Pineapple Banana Datepalm Kiwi Mango Annonaceae Custard apple
Apocynaceae Caricaceae
Diileniaceae Euphorbiaceae Karonda Papaya
Elephant apple Aonla
Star gooseberry Clusiaceae Mango-steen Lauraceae Malhighiacae Moraceae Avocado
Barbados cherry
Jack fruit Monkey Jack Fig Mulberry 1
SCIENTIFIC NAME
CHROMOSOME NO. 2n
1. Monocots
Ananas comosus
Musas
balbisiana Phoenix
dactylifera 2. Dicots
Antinidia deliciosa
Mangifera Indica
Annona squamosal
Carissa carandas Carica papaya
Dillenia indica
Emblica officinalis
Phyllanthus acidus
Garcinia
mangostana Persea
Americana
Malphigia punicifolia
Artocarpus heterophylla
Artocarpus lakoocha
Ficus carica Morus alba
40 56 56 26 308 18 28 28 24
Tropical America
South East Asia
South East Asia
Madagascar Malayan Archipelogo
Central America
Trinidad and Tobago
India Wetern Ghats Berry Drupe Sorosis Sorosis
Syconus Sorosis
Agri Coaching Chandigarh: 9828822277 58 40 14 22 China
South East Asia
Bolivia Berry Drupe
Aggregate berries
Berry Berry
Fleshy calyx
Capsule (Drupe)
Berry Berry 50, 75, 100 22, 33, 44 36 Brazil Indo- Burma West Asia Sorosis
Berry Drupe
ORIGIN
FRUIT TYPESMyrtaceae
Guava
Jamun
Pineapple
guava
Oleaceae
Oxalidaceae
Olive
Bilimbi
Carambola
Passifloraceae Passion fruit
Punicaeae
Rhamnaceae
Rosaceae
Pomegranate
Indian jujube
Almond
Apple
Apricot
Loquat
Quince
Peach
Pear
Plum
Strawberry
Rutaceae
Bael
Mandarin
Sweet orange
Rutaceae
Acid lime
Grape fruit
2
Psidium
guajava
22
Syzygium
cuminii
Feijoa
sellowiana
Olea euorpaea
Avrrhoe
bilimbi
Averrhoa
carambola
Passiflora
edulis
Punica
granatum
Ziziphus
maurititiana
Prunus
amygdalus
Malus ×
domestica
Prunus
armeniaca
Eriobotrya
japonica
Cydonia
oblonga
Prunus
persica
Pyrus
communis
Prunus
domestica
Fragraia
annonosa
Aegle
marmelos
Citrus
reticulate
Citrus
sinensis
Citrus
aurantifolia
Citrus
18
18
18
32
56 (8X)
18
18
34
34
16
34
34
16
South Wetern
Asia
North Eastern
China
Central
Eastern China
Caucasus
region
China
Western
China
China
France
India
South Eastern
Asia
Pome
Drupe
Pome
Drupe
Etaerio of
drupes/
achenes
Amphisarica
Hesperidium
Indo-China Hesperidium
Iran (Persia) Hesperidium
West Indies Hesperidium
Agri Coaching Chandigarh: 9828822277
Pome
Drupe
Pome
46
24
24
18
18
-
16
Mediterranean
region
-
Srilanka
Brazil
Iran (Persia)
India
Central Asia
40
-
Tropical
America
India
-
Berry
Drupe
Berry
Drupe
Berry
Berry
Berry
Balausta
Drupe
Drupeparadise
Wood apple
Lemon
Vitaceae
Grapes
Feronia
limonia
Citrus limon
Vitis vinifera
18
18
38
India
South East
Asia
South East
Asia and
Central
Europe
Tiliaceae
Sapindaceae
Sapotaceae
Phalsa
Litchi
Sapota
Juglandaceae Walnut
Peacan nut
Grewia
subinequalis
Litchi
chinensis
Achras zapota
Juglans regia
Carya
illinoensis
CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS
1. BASED ON NATURE OF GROWTH
a) Herbaceous. Banana, Pineapple.
b). Shrubaceous. Karonda, Phalsa, Pomegranate.
c). Woody. Mango, Ber, Sapota, Jamun, Guava, Apple, Peach, Pear and many other fruits.
2. BASED ON CLIMATIC REQUIREMENT
a). Tropical fruits: Mango, banana, citrus, papaya, sapota, guava, grapes, pineapple, jackfruit, Cashew,
Coconut, custard Apple, Carambola, aonla, Carambola, Mangosteen
b) Subtropical fruits: Mango, citrus , Ber, grapes, avocado, litchi, rambutan, loquat, durian, persimmon,
Strawberry, fig,Falsa, Aonla and passion fruit.
c) Temperate fruits: Apple, pear, quince, peach, plum, Strawberry, peam, almond, apricot, cherry, Kiwi,
walnut and pecanut.
d) Arid and semi-arid fruits: Ber, aonla, annonaceous fruits, pomegranate, date palm, fig, bael, phalsa, jamun.
3. BASED ON CONTINUATION OF GROWTH
a). Evergreen. Mango, Citrus, Litchi, Sapota.
b). Deciduous. Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Apricot.
26
32
32
South Mexico
Central Asia
North
America
Berry
Nut
Nut
36
30
India
South China
Amphisarica
Hesperidium
Berry
Drupe
-
3
Agri Coaching Chandigarh: 98288222774. CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS BASED ON FRUIT MORPHOLOGY
TYPE OF FRUIT
EXAMPLES
A. SIMPLE FRUITS
1. BERRY
a. Modified berry
i. Balausta
ii. Amphisarca
b. Pome
c. Pepo
2. Drupe (Stone)
Arecanut, Avacado, Grape, guava, banana,
papaya, sapota.
Pomegaranate
Wood apple, Bael
Apple, pear, quince, loquat
Watermelon
Plum, apricot, peaches, almond, ber, mango,
coconut, jamun, phalsa, Barbados cherry,
olive, date palm, aonla(green aonla) Coffee,
Cherry
3. Hesperidium
4. Nut fruit
5. Capsule
Oranges, citrus
Litchi, Rambutan, Cashewnut, Walnut,
Pecanut
Aonla(used for seed and other purpose),
Carambola, Okra
B. AGGREGATE FRUITS (Develops from numerous ovaries of the same flower)
1. Etaerio of berries
Custard apple,Raspberry
2. Etaerio of drupelets
3. Etaerio of achenes
C. MULTIPLE/ COMPOSITE FRUITS
1. Syconus
2. Sorosis
5. BASED ON PARTS USED
Citrus
Banana
Coconut
Custard apple
Fig
Guava
Mango
Litchi
Pomegranate
Pear
Almond
4
Blackberry, longan berry
Strawberry
Fig
Pineapple, jackfruit, mulberry, breadfruit.
Juicy placental hairs
Mesocarp and endocarp
Endosperm
Fleshy pericarp of individual berries
Fleshy receptacle
Thalamus and pericarp
Mesocarp
Aril
Juicy covering of seed
Stalk of fruit and thalamus
Seed
Agri Coaching Chandigarh: 9828822277Walnut Fig
Seed Fleshy receptacle and thalamus
Pineapple Bael
Jamun
6. BASED ON BOTANICAL RELATIONSHIP A). Monocot i). Musaceae
ii). Bromeliaceae iii) Arecaceae
B). Dicot i). Anacardiaceae
ii) Myrtaceae iii). Calricaceae iv). Sapindaceae v). Euphorbiaceae vi). Musaceae vii). Moraceae viii). Sapotaceae ix). Rutaceae
x). Rhamnaceae xi). Arecaceae xii). Vitaceae
xiii). Apocynaceae xiv). Rosaceae xv). Punicaceae
xvi). Juglandaceae xvii). Annonaceae xviii). Tiliaceae
5
Fleshy axis, bracts, perianth and seed Fleshy layer of pericarp Pericarp and thalamus
Banana
Pineapple Date palm
Mango, Ambada (Hog plum) 3, Chiraunji, Cashewnut, marking nut
Guava, Jamun, PineappleGuava Papaya
Litchi, Rambutan
Aonla,Star Gooseberry Banana
Mulberry, Jackfruit, Monkeyfruit, Fig Sapota, Khirni
Citrus, Woodaple, Bael, Grapefruit Ber
Date Grape Karonda
Loquat, Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Apricot Pomegranate
Walnut, Pecanut Custard apple
Phalsa
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