Computer Software,Internet and Intranet
Computer Software
Set of Computer programs ,procedures, and associated documents ( flowcharts, manuals, etc) describing the programs and how they are to be used.
Types of Software
• System Software
• Application Software
System Software :Set of one or more programs that control operation and extends the processing
capability of a computer system.
It performs the following functions :
1. Supports development of other application software.
2. Supports execution of other application software.
3. Monitors effective use of various hardware resources such as CPU, memory,
peripherals, etc.
4. Communicates with and controls operation of peripheral devices such as
printer, disk, tape, etc.
Types of System software
Operating systems :
Acts as an interface between user and the hardware.
Eg. Windows, Ubuntu etc.
Programming language translators :
Transform the instructions prepared by programmers in programming
language to a form that can be interpreted and executed by the
computer system ie. Programming language to machine language.
Eg. Dev C++, Turbo C++, Oracle.
Communication software :
While networking they enable transfer of data and programs from one
computer to another.
Eg. File transfer protocol.
Utility programs
Set of programs that help users in system maintenance tasks.
Eg. Antivirus.
Application software:
Set of one or more programs that solves a specific problem, or does a specific
task.
Some different kinds of application softwares :
• Word processing software
• Spreadsheet Software
• Database software
• Graphics software
• Personal assistance software
• Education software
• Entertainment software
Computer network
• A collection of computing devices that are connected in
various ways in order to communicate and share resources
• Usually, the connections between computers in a network
are made using physical wires or cables
• However, some connections are wireless, using radio waves
or infrared signals
Types of Network
Local-area network (LAN)
geographical area
Wide-area network (WAN)
A network that connects two or
more local-area networks over a potentially large geographic distance
Metropolitan-area network (MAN)
The communication infrastructures that have been developed in and around large cities
Local-area networks connected across a distance to create a wide-area network
Various configurations, called topologies, have been used to administer LANs
Ring topology
A configuration that connects all nodes in a closed loop on which messages travel in one direction
Star topology
A configuration that centers around one node to which all others are connected and through which all messages are sent
Bus topology
All nodes are connected to a single communication line that carries messages in both directions
A bus technology called Ethernet has become the industry standard for local-area networks
Internet and Intranet
Internet Intranet
World wide Internal website set up internally for interconnection of companies and can be accessed by computers and network employees for the purpose of standard using internet protocols. documents or documents.
It allows
www,ftp,VoIP,fileshari
ng video, email,
Gaming
Internetworking
• Bridges
• Repeaters
• Routers
Bridges
A bridge is a product that connects a local area network to another local area
network that uses the same protocol for e.g. Ethernet .
Router
A device that forwards data packets from one network to another.
Based on the address of the destination network in the upcoming packet and an internal routing table,
the router determines which port to send out the packet.
Repeater
A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, or onto the other side of an obstruction, so signal can cover longer distances.
Comments